Deferoxamine forms a chelate complex with free iron, which is then excreted in the urine and bile. It has been used off label to treat iron toxicosis in animals. In many cases, these antidotes have no real effect on the toxicant itself, but they lessen the severity of the clinical picture of the intoxicated patient.ĭeferoxamine (Desferal®, Ciba) is a chelating agent approved for use in humans for the treatment of acute iron poisoning, chronic iron overload and treatment of chronic aluminum overload in patients on chronic dialysis. Functional antidotes are agents that act on the symptoms of poisoning. Pharmacologic antidotes antagonize toxic agents at their receptor sites or through other macromolecules.
Chemical antidotes act directly on the toxicant to make it less toxic and/or more readily excreted. Antidotes can be divided into three broad catagories: chemical antidotes, pharmacologic antidotes, and functional antidotes.
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